NAICS 423320

Overview

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the federal statistical standard for classifying business establishments to collect, analyze, and publish data on the U.S. economy. Developed under the Office of Management and Budget and adopted in 1997 to replace SIC, NAICS is maintained jointly by U.S., Canadian, and Mexican statistical agencies; the current U.S. statistical vintage is 2022. ¹

NAICS 423320 covers establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of stone, cement, lime, construction sand and gravel; brick; asphalt and concrete mixtures; and/or concrete, stone, and structural clay products. It sits in Sector 42 (Wholesale Trade), Subsector 423 (Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods), Industry Group 42332. Cross‑references exclude refractory products (to 423840) and ready‑mixed concrete (to 327320). ²

See also on G2X:

• G2X — NAICS 423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers: https://app.g2xchange.com/naics/423330
• G2X — NAICS 423310 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel Merchant Wholesalers: https://app.g2xchange.com/naics/423310

What this NAICS covers

• Merchant wholesale distribution of stone, cement, and lime. ²
• Merchant wholesale distribution of construction sand and gravel. ²
• Merchant wholesale distribution of brick. ²
• Merchant wholesale distribution of asphalt and concrete mixtures (excluding ready‑mix concrete). ²
• Merchant wholesale distribution of concrete, stone, and structural clay products. ²
• Wholesale activities characteristic of Sector 42 (selling to other businesses; typically taking title to goods). ²

Related NAICS and PSC codes

PSC descriptors are drawn from the official Product and Service Code (PSC) Manual. ³

NAICS placement and scope

Within the NAICS hierarchy, 423320 belongs to Sector 42 (Wholesale Trade) → Subsector 423 (Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods) → Industry Group 42332 (Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers). The Wholesale Trade sector distinguishes merchant wholesalers that take title to goods from agents/brokers that arrange sales for others. ²

Illustrative examples and cross‑references

• Included examples: wholesaling brick; cement; lime; construction sand and gravel; asphalt and concrete mixtures (non‑ready‑mix); structural clay products. ²
• Exclusion: ready‑mixed concrete is classified in 327320 Ready‑Mix Concrete Manufacturing. ²
• Exclusion: refractory brick and other refractory products are classified in 423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. ²
• Note: wholesale distribution of nonmetallic minerals used in construction (e.g., sand and gravel) falls in 423320; coal, metal ores, and nonconstruction minerals are covered by 423520. ²

Frequently asked questions

• What kinds of establishments are included under 423320?

  Establishments primarily engaged in merchant wholesaling of brick, stone, cement, lime, construction sand and gravel, asphalt and concrete mixtures (non‑ready‑mix), and structural clay products. These firms typically sell to contractors, builders, and other businesses. ²

• How does 423320 differ from 423330 and 423310?

  423320 focuses on masonry and related construction materials (brick, stone, cement, sand/gravel). 423330 covers nonwood roofing, siding, and insulation materials, while 423310 covers lumber, plywood, millwork, and wood panels. ²

• Does 423320 include retail sales or installation services?

  No. Sector 42 describes wholesale trade, where merchant wholesalers primarily sell to businesses and typically take title to goods. Retailing belongs to Sectors 44 and 45, and construction/installation services belong to Sector 23. ²

• Did the 2022 NAICS update change 423320?

  The Census Bureau documents program adoption of 2022 NAICS and sector‑level changes; code‑specific changes for 423320 are not individually specified in public summaries. Not specified by official sources ¹

• Where are sand and gravel wholesaled vs. mined classified?

  Wholesale distribution of construction sand and gravel is in 423320. Mining and quarrying belong to Sector 21; coal and other mineral and ore wholesaling is in 423520. ²

Useful resources

• G2X — NAICS 423320 overview: https://app.g2xchange.com/naics/423320
• U.S. Census — 2017 NAICS Manual (definitions and cross‑references). ²
• U.S. Census — Implementation of 2022 NAICS (vintage and program adoption). ¹
• U.S. Census — NAICS Codes & Understanding Industry Classification Systems. ⁴

References

1. U.S. Census Bureau. The Census Bureau’s Implementation of the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/naics/2022/implementation-timeline.html
2. U.S. Census Bureau. North American Industry Classification System: United States, 2017 (official manual). https://www2.census.gov/library/reference/naics/publications/2017-NAICS-Manual.pdf
3. Acquisition.gov. Product and Service Code Manual (April 2024). https://www.acquisition.gov/psc-manual/archives
4. U.S. Census Bureau. Economic Census: NAICS Codes & Understanding Industry Classification Systems. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/year/2022/guidance/understanding-naics.html