NAICS 111419

Overview

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is the framework U.S. federal statistical programs use to categorize business establishments for consistent collection, analysis, and publication of economic data. Established by the Office of Management and Budget in 1997 to replace SIC, it is jointly maintained with Canada and Mexico and is currently in its 2022 vintage. ¹

NAICS 111419 covers establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops—other than mushrooms—under glass or protective cover. Illustrative examples include hydroponic crops and fruits, melons, and vegetables produced under cover. “Under cover” production is part of the Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture industries and includes structures such as greenhouses and cold frames. ²

What this NAICS covers

• Food crops grown under glass or protective cover (controlled environments). ²
• Hydroponic crop farming performed under cover. ²
• Fruits grown under cover (e.g., within greenhouses or similar structures). ²
• Melons grown under cover. ²
• Vegetables grown under cover. ²
• Alfalfa sprouts and similar sprouted foods when grown under cover. ²
• Greenhouse-based crop production using structures such as greenhouses and cold frames. ²

Related NAICS and PSC codes

Type	Code	Descriptor
NAICS	111411	Mushroom Production (mushrooms under cover; excluded from 111419). 2
NAICS	111219	Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming (open field; under-glass/cover vegetables and melons go to 111419). 2
NAICS	111421	Nursery and Tree Production (nursery stock; not primarily food crops under cover). 2
NAICS	111422	Floriculture Production (cut flowers, foliage plants; not food crops). 2

SBA small business size standard (contracting context)

• The SBA small business size standard for NAICS 111419 is $4.5 million in average annual receipts, effective March 17, 2023, as listed in SBA’s Table of Small Business Size Standards. ³

Classification notes and cross-references

• Establishments growing vegetables and melons in open fields are generally classified in NAICS 111219; when those crops are grown under glass or protective cover, they fall in NAICS 111419. ²
• Mushroom operations under cover are classified in NAICS 111411, not in NAICS 111419. ²
• “Under cover” within Industry Group 1114 encompasses structures such as greenhouses and cold frames; nursery/floriculture production is grouped separately from food crops. ²

Frequently asked questions

• What types of operations are included in NAICS 111419?

  • Establishments primarily growing food crops under cover, including hydroponic fruits, melons, vegetables, and sprouted foods like alfalfa sprouts. Mushroom production is excluded and classified under NAICS 111411. Controlled-environment structures, such as greenhouses and cold frames, are typical for this industry. ²

• Are hydroponic farms classified under 111419?

  • Yes. Hydroponic crop farming conducted under glass or protective cover is an illustrative example of NAICS 111419. The classification is based on the production being under cover rather than open-field cultivation. ²

• How does 111419 differ from 111219?

  • NAICS 111219 covers vegetables and melons grown in open fields. When the same crops are produced in greenhouses or other protective structures, they shift to NAICS 111419. This distinction depends on production environment, not crop type. ²

• What is the current SBA size standard for 111419?

  • The SBA small business size standard for NAICS 111419 is $4.5 million in average annual receipts. This threshold is defined in the agency’s Table of Small Business Size Standards effective March 17, 2023, and remains the governing measure unless superseded by a later rule. ³

• What does “under cover” mean in NAICS 1114 industries?

  • “Under cover” refers to production within structures such as greenhouses and cold frames used to manage climate, pests, and growing conditions. While Industry Group 1114 includes both food and nonfood crops, food crops under cover belong to 111419 rather than nursery or floriculture codes. ²

Useful resources

• G2X — NAICS 111419 overview: https://app.g2xchange.com/naics/111419
• Census: NAICS overview and guidance for Economic Census users (2022 vintage). ¹
• Census: NAICS 2022 definition for 111419 (details, examples, cross-references). ²
• SBA: Table of Small Business Size Standards (effective March 17, 2023). ³

References

1. U.S. Census Bureau — Economic Census: NAICS Codes & Understanding Industry Classification Systems (2022 guidance). https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/year/2022/technical-documentation/code-lists/understanding-naics-redirect.html
2. U.S. Census Bureau — NAICS 2022: 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover (definition, examples, cross-references). https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=111419&year=2022&details=111419
3. U.S. Small Business Administration — Table of Small Business Size Standards, effective March 17, 2023 (PDF). https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2023-06/Table%20of%20Size%20Standards_Effective%20March%2017%2C%202023%20%282%29.pdf